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Feed Biological Detoxification Development
Mycotoxins result in substantial yearly economic losses within the food industry and animal husbandry sectors. Therefore, there is a critical need for urgent strategies to eradicate or neutralize mycotoxins in food and feed. Conventional physical and chemical approaches face limitations such as efficacy constraints, safety concerns, potential losses in nutritional quality and feed palatability, along with the high costs of implementing such methods due to the need for specialized equipment. Biological degradation of mycotoxins shows considerable promise as it operates in mild, eco-friendly conditions. BioVenic offers a comprehensive solution for developing various biological detoxification methods for feeds, encompassing enzymatic approaches, microbial techniques, and various analysis techniques.
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Fig.1 Mycotoxin detoxification methods1,2
Animal Feed Mycotoxin Analysis
Our service for analyzing mycotoxins in animal feed not only provides structural insights into these contaminants but also offers quantitative or qualitative assessments for a broad spectrum of mycotoxins. Utilizing immunoassays such as ELISA, LFD, and chromatographic methods like TLC, HPLC, GC, and GC-MS, we optimize our assays to detect mycotoxins across diverse samples swiftly and accurately.
Mycotoxin-Degrading Microorganism Development
Our solutions facilitate the identification and isolation of strains demonstrating mycotoxin degradation capabilities. We investigate how these strains degrade mycotoxins in culture, employing gene sequencing and analysis to aid in strain identification. Additionally, we conduct genetic analyses, such as phylogenetic studies and the identification of functional genes. The table below displays some mycotoxin-degrading microorganisms.
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Table. 1 Some mycotoxins-degrading microorganisms
| Mycotoxins | Microorganism types | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Aflatoxins | Fungi | Aspergillus species, Eurotium rubrum, Penicillium raistrickii, Dactylium dendroides, Mucor griseocyanus |
| Bacteria | Nocardia corynebacterioides, Nocardia asteroids, Rhodococcus erythropolis, Corynebacterium rubrum | |
| Zearalenone | Fungi | Thamnidium elegans, Mucor bainieri, Streptomyces rimosus, Cunninghamella bainieri |
| Bacteria | Rhodococcus species, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas alcaliphila | |
| Deoxynivalenol | Fungi | Aspergillus tubingensis, Fusarium nivale |
| Bacteria | Agrobacterium–Rhizobium, Nocardioides, Eubacterium sp. | |
| Ochratoxin A | Fungi | Aspergillus niger, Aureobasidium pullulans, Yarrowia lipolytica, Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| Bacteria | Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus parvulus, Brevibacterium casei | |
| Fumonisins | Fungi | Exophiala spinifera, Rhinocladiella atrovirens |
| Bacteria | Serratia marcescens, Lactobacillus sp. | |
| Patulin | Fungi | Metschnikowia pulcherrima, M. pulcherrima |
Mycotoxin-Degrading Enzyme Development
Biological enzymatic approaches, which can break down mycotoxin structures at their core, generating less toxic degradation byproducts, are generally more precise, effective, and environmentally friendly. We assist in the development of mycotoxin-degrading enzymes that support the safe and efficient detoxification of mycotoxins in feeds. Our solutions encompass genetic studies, the development of recombinant enzymes, analysis of enzymatic properties, evaluations of efficacy in vitro and in vivo, as well as the development and optimization of biological detoxification processes.
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Table. 2 Some mycotoxins-degrading enzymes
| Mycotoxin substrates | Enzymes |
|---|---|
| Aflatoxins | Laccase, peroxidase, lipase, oxidoreductase, manganese peroxidase, multicopper oxidases, F420H2-dependent reductase, oxidoreductase, catalase |
| Zearalenone | Peroxidase, multicopper oxidases, lactonase, laccase, lactone hydrolase |
| Ochratoxin A | Peroxidase, amidohydrolase, carboxypeptidase, nudix hydrolase |
| Deoxynivalenol | Dehydrogenase, peroxidase, hydroxysterone reductase |
| Fumonisins | Carboxylesterase, transaminase |
| Trichothecenes | Pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent enzyme |
| Patulin | Porcine pancreatic lipase |
Feed Biological Detoxification Process Optimization
- Fermentation Optimization
The fermentation process in feed not only enhances desirable qualities but also elevates feed standards. Our solutions focus on enhancing mycotoxin degradation during feed fermentation. By adjusting the inoculum and various fermentation conditions like carbon sources, nitrogen sources, temperature, and initial pH, we investigate mycotoxin degradation under varied fermentation circumstances to develop more effective feed detoxification strategies.
- Enzymatic Process Optimization
Our solutions delve into understanding the molecular mechanisms behind enzymes that facilitate mycotoxin degradation. Through the strategic combination of multiple enzymes and optimization of enzymatic degradation conditions, we aim to amplify the efficacy of different enzymes in degrading one or multiple mycotoxins.
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Animal Studies for Evaluating Feed Biological Detoxification
Utilizing a range of animal in vitro and in vivo models, animal nutrition researchers can assess the efficacy of biological detoxification methods through simulated in vitro evaluations and in vivo animal studies. Our in vitro animal models, including digestion and fermentation simulations, mimic the gastrointestinal characteristics of livestock, poultry, and companion animals. Our in vivo animal models offer a more realistic assessment of the impacts of biological detoxification processes. We offer a diverse set of detection technologies including Animal Nutrition and Metabolism Analysis and Omics Solution in Animal Nutrition and Metabolism, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of mycotoxin effects on animal health.
Feed Biological Detoxification Development Workflow
Why Choose Us?
Tailored Solutions
We specialize in creating customized biological detoxification approaches for a diverse array of mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. Our expertise allows us to design highly effective detox methods based on the structure and mechanisms of action of specific mycotoxins.
Comprehensive Animal Models
Our animal models span various livestock, poultry, and companion animals, encompassing both in vivo and in vitro models. We offer a selection of animal models tailored to meet your specific research requirements.
Advanced Detection Technology
Our detection technology platform not only enables qualitative or quantitative detection of mycotoxins but also facilitates the analysis of physiological and biochemical markers, microbiomes, metabolites, and feed components in animals. We provide rapid, precise detection methods and develop customized detection solutions for a wide range of indicators.
As a gentle, efficient, and eco-friendly approach to mycotoxin degradation, biodetoxification of feeds involving microbial fermentation and enzyme treatments holds great promise in the realm of biological detoxification. BioVenic's holistic feed biological detoxification solution includes mycotoxin analysis, development of mycotoxin-degrading microorganisms and enzymes, optimization of detox processes, and validation of biodegradation effects through in vivo and in vitro animal studies. If you are interested in advancing feed biological detoxification, contact us to discuss your research needs, and we will offer suitable solutions tailored to your requirements.
References
- Image retrieved from Figure 1 "Schematic representation of mycotoxin detoxification methods" Liu et al., 2022, used under [CC BY 4.0]. The original title was changed to "Mycotoxin detoxification methods".
- Liu, Lu, Mei Xie, and Dong Wei. "Biological detoxification of mycotoxins: Current status and future advances." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.3 (2022): 1064.