Mouse Anti-Porcine Fumarate Hydratase (FH) Monoclonal Antibody

Porcine fumarate hydratase, also known as fumarase, is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a pivotal role in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, catalyzing the conversion of fumarate to malate. Recent research has unveiled its significance as a metabolic regulator in immune cell function, particularly in macrophages. In the context of inflammation, fumarate hydratase has been identified as a control point in the modulation of cytokine production, such as interleukin (IL)-10 and type I interferons (IFNs). The enzyme's activity impacts the intracellular levels of fumarate, which in turn influences signaling pathways leading to the activation of immune responses. Notably, the loss of FH function has been linked to the release of mitochondrial DNA and RNA, triggering an interferon response through cytosolic nucleic acid sensors like RIG-I, MDA5, and cGAS. This discovery has implications for understanding the pathogenesis of diseases associated with decreased FH levels, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or FH-deficient kidney cancer, and may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention in these conditions.