Veterinary Antimicrobial Resistance PK/PD Services

In the context of antimicrobial resistance, PK/PD studies are essential for comprehending the interaction between antimicrobials and pathogens, optimizing dosing schedules, and reducing the emergence of resistance. As a premier Contract Research Organization (CRO) with a focus on veterinary pharmacology and antimicrobial resistance, BioVenic is committed to delivering extensive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) services. Our aim is to support the research and development of antimicrobial agents for animals, helping to create effective veterinary antimicrobials that fight resistance, promote animal health, and protect public health.

PK/PD Analysis for Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Pathogens

Our flexible and client-focused approach allows us to tailor our PK/PD services to meet your veterinary AMR research needs, providing customized solutions that drive successful outcomes. Utilizing advanced computational tools, we create predictive models that simulate drug behavior in various animal species. Our services include but are not limited to the following PK/PD analysis.

• Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
• Minimum Selective Concentrations (MSCs; MSC_{de novo} and MSC_select)
• Concentration-dependent activity: fAUC₂₄/MIC; fCmax/MIC
• Time-dependent activity: fT_>MIC
• Concentration-dependent activity with time-dependence: fAUC₂₄/MIC
• Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
• Maximum Residue Limit (MRL)
• Mutant Prevention Concentration (MPC)
• Microbial Kill-Curves
• MIC-based PK/PD indices
• Custom Mechanistic Model Construction
• Pharmacodynamic Target (PDT) Determination
• etc.

PK/PD Models for Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Pathogens

We conduct comprehensive in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents against resistant pathogens. Our state-of-the-art laboratories and animal facilities ensure high standards of data quality and animal welfare. Our analytical capabilities encompass a wide range of techniques to quantify drug concentrations and metabolites.

• In Vitro PK/PD Models
  • Static models: Assess exposure-response relationship against the predominant bacterial population of a single antibiotic.
  • Dynamic models: Time-dependent; one-compartment PK/PD models or two-compartment PK/PD models.
  • In Vitro PK/PD Bladder Infection Models.
• Ex Vivo PK/PD Models
  Tissue cage (TC) models
  • Presence of natural immunity.
  • Matrix-specific effects of drug action.
  • Drug metabolites and pathogen count monitoring.
• In Vivo PK/PD Models
  • Reflect the progress of drug and pathogen exposure in animal models.
  • Animal infection models: thigh and lung infections; skin and soft tissue infections; septicemia, meningitis, urinary tract infections; endocarditis and intraperitoneal infections, etc.
  • Tissue distribution studies
  • Dose fractionation studies
  • Inability to monitor drug concentrations promptly.

Fig.1 Schematic representation of a PK/PD model used to characterize the killing effect.¹

Applications of Our Services

Our suite of PK/PD services is designed to support various stages of veterinary antimicrobial development and application, including the followings.

• Veterinary Antimicrobiotics Development
  We specialize in the development of antimicrobials specifically for veterinary use, addressing the unique challenges of treating infections in animals. Our PK/PD services ensure that veterinary antimicrobials are both effective and safe, supporting animal health and welfare.
• Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination
  Determining susceptibility breakpoints is essential for classifying bacterial isolates as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to specific antimicrobials. Our PK/PD services provide the scientific basis for setting these breakpoints, ensuring accurate interpretation of susceptibility tests.
• Antibacterial Activity Surveillance
  We support ongoing surveillance of antibacterial activity by monitoring the effectiveness of antimicrobials against prevalent bacterial pathogens. This surveillance helps in detecting emerging resistance trends and informs updates to treatment guidelines.
• Dosing Regimen Optimization
  Optimizing dosing regimens is critical for maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing toxicity and resistance development. Our PK/PD analyses guide the design of dosing schedules that achieve the desired therapeutic outcomes with the least risk of adverse effects.
• Drug Resistance Prediction
  Predicting the potential for resistance development is crucial for sustainable antimicrobial use. Our services assess the likelihood of resistance emergence under various treatment scenarios, aiding in the design of strategies to mitigate the risk in animals.

Our Advantages

• We offer a full spectrum of PK/PD services, from initial MIC testing to advanced mechanistic modeling, ensuring a thorough and integrated approach to antimicrobial development.
• Utilizing the latest technologies and methodologies, we provide accurate and reliable data to inform decision-making and regulatory submissions.
• We tailor our services to meet the specific needs of each client, providing bespoke solutions that address unique challenges and objectives in veterinary antimicrobial resistance research and development.

BioVenic is committed to advancing the research and development of safe and effective antimicrobial agents by providing veterinary antimicrobial resistance PK/PD services. Our extensive range of services and applications support every stage of the drug development process, from initial discovery to post-market surveillance. By partnering with us, clients benefit from our expertise, state-of-the-art technology, and tailored solutions, ensuring the successful development and deployment of veterinary antimicrobials that safeguard both animal and public health. Please contact us to customize your PK/PD project for veterinary antimicrobial resistance.

Reference

1. Rodríguez-Gascón, Alicia, María Ángeles Solinís, and Arantxa Isla. "The role of PK/PD analysis in the development and evaluation of antimicrobials." Pharmaceutics 13.6 (2021): 833.